Crystallization damage by sodium sulfate

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August undefined, 2024

WebSep 1, 2008 · Sodium sulfates are well known to be the most damaging salts in building materials and rocks. Unfortunately, the crystallization processes of sodium sulfates are not completely understood. In… Expand 15 The chemomechanics of crystallization during rewetting of limestone impregnated with sodium sulfate WebDec 26, 2012 · These results help to explain why salts with various (stable and metastable) hydrated phases are the most damaging. We also show that damage associated with metastable-stable phase transitions can be suppressed by the use of crystallization promoters. These results open new ways for the prevention of salt damage to building …

Crystallization of sodium sulfate salts in limestone

WebApr 1, 2003 · Original articleCrystallization damage by sodium sulfate. Experiments demonstrate that a stone containing thenardite suffers great damage when exposed to … WebHydrated sodium sulfate causes salt crystallization damage in building materials and rocks , and is found in Antarctic ice , and in salt lakes . Landform alteration is the result of salt weathering on Earth and probably on Mars . inches 5\\u00278

Sodium sulfate heptahydrate - Saltwiki

WebNov 9, 2006 · Crystallisation of sodium sulfate solutions by evaporation under controlled climatic conditions has revealed the existence of crystalline hydrated sodium sulfate salts not previously reported. The … WebThe hollow cylinder method was used to estimate the expansion stress that can occur in concrete due to the crystallisation pressure caused by the formation of ettringite and/or gypsum during external sulphate attack. Hardened cement paste hollow cylinders prepared with Portland cement were mounted in stress cells and exposed to sodium sulphate … inches 50cm

Crystallization and Dissolution of Common Salts

[PDF] The chemomechanics of crystallization during rewetting of ...

WebJun 7, 2014 · The crystallization of sodium sulfate hydrates is an exothermic process (Anderson 1984; Bing et al. 2007 ). This means that crystallization and dissolution of hydrates could be monitored through temperature measurement of a saturated solution undergoing cooling/heating cycles. WebCrystallization damage by sodium sulfate. J. Cult. Herit., 4 (2003), pp. 109-115, 10.1016/S1296-2074(03)00022-0. View PDF View article View in Scopus Google Scholar [19] J. Desarnaud, S. Noushine. Study of Kinetics of Salt Crystallization During Rewetting Drying and Humidity Cycling (2012) inat box 8 apkWebOct 1, 2000 · These experimental results suggest that most of the damage to the limestone in the salt crystallization experiment carried out at 40% RH conditions was due to the crystallization of thenardite at temperatures below 32.4°C (the mirabilite–thenardite transition point) and at low RH. inat box 8

"WebOct 22, 2024 · In this study, the performance of several binary and ternary mixtures containing high-calcium fly ash and other pozzolans, such as Class F fly ash and silica fume, were investigated for their sulfate resistance using different sodium sulfate solutions. The mortar bars were placed in a similar sulfate solution as per modified ASTM C … " - Crystallization damage by sodium sulfate

Crystallization damage by sodium sulfate

Salt Crystallization George Scherer’s Materials Research Group ...

WebThe extractive crystallization of sodium chloride and sodium carbonate Full Record Related Research Abstract Many inorganic salts are produced industrially from an aqueous solution. The final production step involves the crystallization of the salt from the solution. WebMar 31, 2003 · Crystallization damage by sodium sulfate. Experiments demonstrate that a stone containing thenardite suffers great damage when exposed to water below the …

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WebCrystallization pressure of salt crystals growing in confined pores is found to be the main cause for damage to stone and masonry. In this work, the crystallization of sodium sulfate salts in Cordova Cream and Indiana limestones is investigated using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA). The DSC ... WebMar 1, 2013 · Macroscopic and microscopic scale experiments using magnetic resonance imaging and phase contrast microscopy demonstrate that sodium sulfate that has both hydrated and anhydrous phases can …

WebSep 11, 2014 · Sodium sulfate can crystallize in at least eight different crystalline phases. At 20 °C, two are stable and three are metastable. The stable phases are mirabilite (or … WebSingle Crystals Pure Element Single Crystals ... Sodium sulfate anhydrous is used primarily for drying non-aqueous solvents by removing traces of water. It is used as a fining agent for molten glass, levelling agent in textile processing, and filler in detergents. ... G. W. Crystallization Damage by Sodium Sulfate. J. Cult. Herit. 2003, 4 (2 ...

WebMay 27, 2024 · The massive damage (>50%) showed the specimen containing single sodium sulfate crystals which are during wetting subjected to phase transition … WebJan 1, 2002 · Sodium sulfate is known as the most damaging salt for stones and other porous building materials. 24, 47, 48 Because of this, sodium sulfate is employed in salt …

WebApr 1, 2003 · Crystallization of sodium sulfate salts in limestone. R. M. Espinosa Marzal, G. Scherer. Materials Science. 2008. Crystallization pressure of salt crystals growing …

WebDec 26, 2012 · Figure 1 Salt damage of porous building materials. (a) Limestone block showing extensive damage due to sodium sulfate crystallization. Capillary rise and … inches 5/ftWebSep 30, 2024 · The results show that the CGFB samples were damaged by salt crystallization in the dry state and attacked by the expansive products in the wet state. The sulfate ion contents in CGFB samples increased with the sulfate concentrations and drying-wetting cycles and decreased from the surface to the inside of the samples. inches 5\u00278http://gwsgroup.princeton.edu/projects/art-conservation/salt-crystallization/ inat box 68WebFlatt and Scherer (2002) studied the exposure of anhydride sodium sulfate to water and rise in humidity and showed that the crystallization pressure resultant from this process is capable for causing damage to the masonry units. Recently literature is available about salt crystallization damage, Researches about salt inches 6WebJul 13, 2024 · During mirabilite crystal growth, the crystallization pressure values fluctuate within 0–12.57 MPa because the supersaturation of the film is consumed, destroying pores in sulfate saline soil... inat box alternatifWebApr 1, 2003 · Sodium sulphate can crystallise inside the surface and switch between two phases (Na 2 SO 4 and Na 2 SO 4 ·10H 2 O) with an explosive effect due to hydration … inat application formWebcontinuous capillary rise compensating for water evaporation. Two main mechanisms are proposed to explain the extensive damage caused by sodium sulfate: hydration pressure and crystallization pressure. In … inches 6 yards